Guest Post by Menachem Mordechai Frank*
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| Typical look of Charedi Yeshiva students |
As has been noted in the past, Charedim are not monolithic.
There are extremists and moderates. And even within those two groupings, there is
variance of opinion. As the old saying goes, two Jews three opinions.
I have mentioned some of his points about the Charedi
mindset in the past. But since I am not Charedi, many people simply feel that I
do not know what I’m talking about. I of course reject that out of hand. But It
is much better to hear it directly from someone whose feet are firmly planted
in that world and who has been immersed in that Hashkafa all of his life. He
went to mainstream Charedi Yeshivos both in Israel and the US (Mir, BMG). And
he works in an administrative position in a business office.
His letter was addressed to me and he makes assumptions about my knowledge of the Charedi world; or what my motives are (in most cases) that are either, incomplete, misunderstood, or in error. What is important here is to know what much of the mainstream Charedi world thinks. With that in mind, his words
follow.
I am chareidi (probably what you would term “moderate
chareidi”), and am dismayed by what I consider the high jacking of the charedi
world by extremists. The yeshiva world that I grew up in and that I am so proud
to be a member of seems to be quite different than what is the public image of
the yeshiva world today. Today’s image is not something that I am proud of. Much
of your criticism of the present day chareidi world is warranted. Having said
that, there are times that, in my opinion, you are totally off the mark.
However, to give you the benefit of the doubt, I think that you may be unaware
of some of the philosophic basics of today’s yeshiva world.
My assumption is
that you are a good person and do not write your blog just to vent and create
further division amongst klal yisroel. The purpose of your criticisms, I
suspect, is to hopefully effect a change in the mindset of charedim. Therefore,
it is imperative to be aware of these hashkafos, so that we know how to
effectively argue against them. As they say, if you want to beat your enemy you
need to know your enemy.
Hopefully, no one here can be classified as an “enemy”, but you do need to understand the
perspective of your interlocutor if you have any aspirations of possibly
influencing his positions. Your seeming lack of familiarity with certain
charedi hashkafos has resulted in a number of recurring criticisms which cause
you to lose credibility with charedi readers that you may otherwise have success in
influencing.
I would like to make you aware of two points of charedi hashkafa
that you seem to be ignoring in your posts. One, I more or less agree with, and
the other I take strong issue with. However, as I mentioned, it’s important to
understand their hashkafa, and their sources, if you ever hope of influencing
their decision making.
A frequent criticism of yours is that the charedim’s
decision to push a Torah only agenda to the exclusion of all else, has created
a tremendous amount of problems for the majority of charedim who are not cut
out for full time learning. While I completely agree with this fact, you need
to be aware of the correct way to convince people that something needs to
change. Hard core charedim are not fazed by the tremendous problems created by
this hashkafa.
Rav Dessler in Michtov M’Eliyahu (Chelek Gimmel page 355 ‐360) , argues that the hashkafa of the yeshiva world,
as opposed to R’ Shamshom Refoel Hirsch, was to focus on creating Gedolim
even at the expense of many individuals. He claims that Gedolim are only
created with a pure Torah‐only approach. He acknowledges that there are many
korbonos in this system. He validates this approach by quoting Chazal that
“elef nichnasim l’mikrah v’echad yotzai l’horoah”. R’ Dessler takes this to
mean that even if 999 “go off the derech”, it is still worth it to produce the
“eched yotzai l’horoah”.
Personally, I don’t see any reason why R’ Dessler
understood the Gemara to mean that 999 would go “off the derech”. I don’t see
any indication of that in the Gemara. In my opinion the Gemara is saying that not all
999 will become a Godol, but nowhere is there any indication, that they would
not be solid productive members of klal yisroel and full shomrei Torah
u’mitzvos.
Additionally, I believe that R’ Dessler’s pshat in the Gemara is
problematic with other Gemoros. (Particularly Brachos - 35b which seems to indicate
that the Torah only approach is for individuals only and not for the tzibbur at
large‐based on the understanding of the Chofetz Chaim in Biur Halacha).
Furthermore, I would very much like to believe that R’ Dessler only wrote what
he did as a form of hora’as sha’ah, and that were he alive today to witness the
vast amount of korbonos that this system has created, he would say differently.
However, I’m not aware of anyone of R’ Dessler’s caliber who wrote a refutation
to R’ Dessler, or anyone who has proof that R’ Dessler would in fact say
otherwise were he alive today. In fact, unlike the famous horaas shoah of the
Chazon Ish that instructed everyone to remain in full time learning after the
Holocaust, until the Torah world could be rebuilt, there is no indication
of any horaas shoah in R’ Dessler’s piece.
He actually argues that it is an old
machlokes going back at least 150 years. As much as I’d like to believe that it
was a horaas shoah, it would not be intellectually honest of me to claim with
any degree of certainty that it in fact was. While I personally choose to
follow R’ Shamshon Refoel Hirsch’s philosophy, I cannot fault someone who
chooses to follow R’ Dessler’s.
Until we come up with a rock solid argument as
to why R’ Dessler’s hashkafa doesn’t apply today, it is unhelpful to continue
pointing out all the problems created by the Torah only approach. R’ Dessler
has given blanket coverage to all arguments about the problems the system has
created. I am hoping that someone does in fact come up with an irrefutable argument why R’ Dessler’s approach is no
longer applicable, but I have yet to see one.
Another frequent criticism of yours concerns many
chareidim’s “obsession” with tznius and other matters. You have repeatedly
asserted that it is possible to go to the IDF and come out a full shomer Torah
umitzvos as thousands of Dati Leumi soldiers do. What you seemingly fail to
understand is, that for chareidim, any slight drop in their level of ruchniyos
is considered a catastrophe.
An often quoted Gemara in charedi yeshovos is Chagiga 9A which expounds on
the posuk “vshavtem u’rieesem…bein oved Elokim l’asher lo ovdo”, by saying that
the difference between an oved Elokim to a lo oved Elokim is the difference
between one who reviews his learning 101 times as opposed to just 100. The
person who only reviewed 100 times is considered a “lo oved Elokim”
in contrast to the one who reviewed 101 times. The Gemara clearly states
that the 2 people are both considered tzadikim. Yet it describes
one as an "oved Elokim" and the second as a "lo oved
Elokim".
Similarly, many chareidim may take the same view on others who may be categorized as tzadikim (ie.
a DL soldier who completes IDF service and remains a shomer torah
u'mitzvos), yet in comparison to a higher level of ruchniyos which they may
have given up on, can still fall under the category of "lo oved
Elokim". This doesn't c"v mean that they look condescendingly on
these other "tzadikim", but rather choose a different path for
themselves.
When people really live with this ideal then every slight level in
ruchniyos really is a big deal, and not one they're willing to forgo. Of course
there are people who aren't living this ideal and just pay lip service to
it-but there are many who are authentic.True charedim really do live with this
idea, and often go to great personal sacrifice to maintain a certain level of ruchniyos.
They avoid going places where they might encounter women who are immodestly
dressed, and are willing to part with the little money they have to try and
ensure that they are fulfilling every mitzvah in the best possible way. Asking
them to stop obsessing is like asking them to stop serving Hashem, to become a
“lo oved Elokim”.
While I believe, that sometimes the “obsessing” goes too far
and can be counter‐productive, in many cases, it is legitimate. Someone whose
fear of sin is as great as his fear of eating lethal poison will construct tremendous barriers around the sin.
I think that there is precedent for this in
many of the Gezeiros of Chazal and of the Rishonim (think‐the issur of tekius
shofar on Shabbos because of a pretty far out concern that an individual might
forget that it’s shabbos and carry his shofar outside. For that one individual
Chazal uprooted the entire mitzvah of tekias shofar.
There are countless other
examples of really far out concerns which resulted in tremendous chumros –see
Rama concerning waiting 5 days before performing a hefsek taharah, while in
fact only 3 twenty-four hour periods is really required In fact, an objective analysis of many of Chazal’s gezeiros, will leave one
thinking that today’s chareidim not nearly as “obsessive” as the earlier
generations were.
While it is certainly possible to be a shomer torah
u’mitzvos in the IDF, I think it is almost certain that one’s level of
ruchniyos might be adversely affected, even in the current Nachal Charedi
system. The fact that there are elements within the army that like to provoke
the religious soldiers (kol isha, females performing physical examinations,
forcing soldiers to be mechallel shabbos etc.)
However isolated these incidents are, for chareidim, the very fact that the
possibility exists already creates an untenable situation. Your seemingly
cavalier attitude toward these unfortunate instances doesn’t help you win any arguments
in the chareidi world. Your attitude seems to be, so long as the Nachal is 99%
kosher that should be good enough for the chareidim. But it isn’t and never
will be.
Your comments on this subject serve to reinforce the chareidi
position, that as soon as they’re exposed to the world at large, they’ll see a
drop in their level of ruchniyos. While in yeshiva they have a tremendous
sensitivity to any exposure whatsoever to immodesty, they see you arguing that
so long as overall it’s kosher they should be able to deal with an environment
that isn’t 100% safe by their standards.
This argument can only be made by
someone who has left the walls of yeshiva and no longer has the same degree of
sensitivity in these matters. (I also have left yeshivah, and certainly do not
have the same degree of sensitivity in these matters as I once had. I do not
fault you, and I’m only trying to point out that this argument of yours will
not resonate with chareidim, and it will also serve to alienate them from all
the other valid points that you make).
It is unfortunate that there doesn’t yet
exist an environment within the IDF that any chareidi can be completely
comfortable in. There really is no reason for it, other than extremists in the
left wing camp who are doing whatever they can to prevent that from ever
happening.
I sometimes think about how much ground the IDF could have gained
in each of these isolated incidents by severely reprimanding the instigators.
It would’ve sent a clear message to the chareidi world, that their sensitivities
will be respected in the IDF and that they have nothing to fear. Instead, there
not only wasn’t condemnation of the instigators by the IDF, some of the
religious soldiers were actually penalized. That did nothing to help send a
message of understanding to the chareidi world.
I believe that Yair Lapid’s
heavy handed tactics (especially with his insistence of criminal sanctions)
have done a tremendous amount of damage to any trust that the chareidim will
have in the IDF’s willingness to accommodate their lifestyle. While I am in
almost completely full agreement with Yair Lapid’s stated goals, I feel he has
done a terrible job at implementation.
In closing, I would like to once again commend you on
bringing important issues to the attention of the public. I wish you tremendous
hatzlacha in trying to restore the honor of Torah which has been trampled on by
extremists. The point of my writing was not to criticize you, but rather to
help you to better argue your points. It is only because I agree with so much
of what you write that I feel I want your words to be accepted by more people.
I hope that my letter will help you sharpen your arguments and be more
convincing to chareidim who do not yet agree with your perspective. This is my
first time ever writing to a blog, and I am an extremely shy person, so I will
not be signing my name.
*Not his real name
