A lot of young people from Orthodox homes of all stripes
have gone astray from their religious practices and beliefs. This is commonly referred
to as going Off the Derech (OTD). This phenomenon seems to have reached
epidemic proportion. I don’t know if things are worse now that they were when
the age of enlightenment took hold in the Jewish world. A lot of people went astray
of their Judaism via the Jewish version of enlightenment called Haskala.
What makes this phenomenon unique in our era is how we have adjusted
to the land of freedom and its open society. A society that is a direct result
of the enlightenment. When the enlightenment
first happened we were not prepared for it.
In the pre-enlightenment era, Judaism was practiced pretty
much the same way it had always been practiced in its European (Ashkenazi) incarnation. Life as we know it today
did not exist. One generation lived pretty much the same way the last one did. Generation
after generation - Jews were treated the same way by their European hosts:
shabbily. We were segregated into ghettos and persecuted. We were pretty much cut
off and shut out from the outside world.
There was thus much more control over our lives by religious
leaders. Pressure to conform was great. Those who did not conform had no place
else to go. Not to mention the fact that few Jews had even the slightest notion
of desiring to know more than they were taught by their teachers. Because of
all this - outside distractions were of little significance to us.
When the enlightenment suddenly opened up new vistas for us,
the floodgates of assimilation, free thinking, and heretical thought were
opened along with them. Many Jews saw a new world of knowledge and lifestyle
previously unavailable to them now beckoning. And they took advantage of it.
The rabbis of that era were unprepared for this openness and had no way to
control it. A lot of people from observant Judaism went astray of their
traditions and beliefs.
Fast forward to
1950s. The Holocaust had just ended. There were millions of European
Jewish survivors that had no homes to return to. A large number of them were the most devout among
us. They would never have immigrated to America pre-Holocaust. They are the
ones that listened to their rabbinic leaders who forbade them from immigrating to
America. The fear was that the ‘Treifena Medina’ would (via freedom and the pull of
assimilation) cause them all to go astray.
Post Holocaust - all those who refused to go, were suddenly survivors.
They could no longer go back to the European cities and towns that were bastions
of religious life pre Holocaust. They no longer existed. Furthermore their gentile
neighbors were not all the anxious to see them coming back (to say the least!).
These devout Jews immigrated to America. And that changed everything .
Over the last 60 or so years these people have created a
society of religious Jews which I believe to be unprecedented in Jewish history
since the destruction of the 2nd Temple. Because of the very
foundation of religious tolerance upon which
America is built - the Jewish people had the freedom to build the religious
world of their choice in complete freedom.
And build they did. The one drawback of the complete freedom
this country offered is the threat of outside influences drawing our children
away from observance. The assimilationist
‘melting pot’ pull was the hallmark of America back in the 50s. To combat that pull a strong day
school and Yeshiva high school system was built. That kept the draw of the
outside world at bay. Which has worked out very well for the most part. Over
the last 60 or so years the Orthodox Jewish community has had an explosion in
growth. As is rather well known by now,
Orthodox Jewry in the US is the only segment in America that has experienced growth.
Every other segment has experienced a decline
in its numbers.
But all is not rosy. There was still that ‘pesky’ draw from
the outside world. A draw takes many forms. From the easier lifestyle, to
events and activities that even most fervent Orthodox Jews can easily be drawn to… as well as intellectual
challenges to the very core of our faith. This impacts Jews across the Orthodox
spectrum.
That draw has always been there. But until relatively
recently the right wing of Orthodoxy was fairly successful of keeping those
influences out. The constant vilification of ‘the outside world’ and the lack
of any easy means to be influenced by it has kept the vast majority of their young
people in the fold.
The rest of Orthodoxy allowed more exposure to the ‘outside’
culture and that too took its toll.
There have been many young people who have found outside influences to be irresistible
and have gone astray themselves. The more exposure, the greater the pull to go
astray. My guess is that there were probably a lot more Orthodox Jews going
astray from those exposed to the culture than there were from those that were isolated
from it.
All this has changed. Now everyone has easy access to the
culture and all of it s vices, both social and intellectual. There is no such
thing anymore to insulating ourselves from the outside world. The isolationist
polices may still work for some. But increasingly it has become far
lesseffective. The advent of hand held devises can now access anything in the world
in a matter of moments, without anyone being the wiser.
This has destroyed isolationist tactics. What makes things
worse is that isolationist polices have a disadvantage. Young people that have
been educated forbidden any contact with the outide world including via hand
held devices - lack the wherewithal to combatthe images and anti Torah forces that
are so prevalent. Past vilification of what is so easily accessed is
questioned. Not everything they see is evil. And what’s worse they are ill
prepared to handle the intellectual challenges they suddenly encounter. Isolation
offers no preparation for that.
In my view the danger to the right is now even greater than
to the center and left. Those of us who have been exposed to and are taught how
to deal with it stand a far better chance of staying on course than those that
haven’t.
At this point in time, I’m not sure which of us are at
greater risk. But even if one were to concede that Modern Orthodox world is
still at greater risk – the Charedi world is catching up real fast. Putting up
additional fences is not the answer. Trying to combat the pervasiveness of
outside influences so easily accessed by increasing isolationist tactics is
only going to increase those who go astray.
It seems to me that the best way to handle the word as we know
it today, is not by digging the hole of isolation ever deeper. It is in my view
a much better option to teach our young how to interact with it and to prepare
them for the challenges they may encounter. This does not mean that we should
just allow unfettered access to our young. But it does mean minimizing its use
and limiting the chances of harmful encounter via filters.
It also means teaching
them how to deal with idea they may encounter that challlenges our faith. This
is not an easy task. My guess is that most religious educators are woefully
ignorant about how to do that. That’s why I would suggest that all teachers
undergo mandatory training in how to teach their students these things. I would also recommend that schools require
parents to attend lectures meetings where they can be advised about how to
handle it from their end.
It is a brand new world out there. There are far too many
parents that are not sufficiently dealing with this problem and allow their children
full access to the internet via their smartphones.
Even though our ways are timeless, our teaching methods are
not. In far too many cases they are outmoded with respect to dealing with the
reality of our times. If we want to stop losing our youth to technological advances
we need to be ahead of the curve. As it stands now we are behind the eight ball.
